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Article

Des Sauvages, ou, Voyage de Samuel Champlain

Des Sauvages, ou, Voyage de Samuel Champlain (1603) records Champlain's first voyage to Canada as François Gravé du Pont's guest aboard La Bonne Renommée searching for the Northwest Passage.
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Article

Deschênes Commission

The Deschênes Commission (officially known as the Commission of Inquiry on War Criminals in Canada) was an independent commission of inquiry established by Prime Minister Brian Mulroney. Its purpose was to investigate accusations that alleged war criminals from the Second World War had found refuge and were living in Canada. The commission took a broad approach to its mandate, investigating war crimes as well as crimes against humanity. While war crimes had already been established as a specific kind of crime after the Second World War, crimes against humanity were not as clearly described, and therefore did not have a clear and defined punishment structure. The outcome of this report was to formalize crimes against humanity and create that framework. Specifically, the Criminal Code was amended so that war crimes would be offences under Canadian law regardless of Canada's involvement in said war. A two-part final report was completed and delivered at the end of 1986. The first part concluded that alleged Nazi war criminals were residing in Canada, but also that Canada lacked the legal means to prosecute those individuals. The second part of the report—that concerned with allegations against specific individuals—remains confidential.
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Article

Development Industry

Developers build and own all types of urban property, from high-rise apartments to industrial buildings and shopping centres.
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Article

Devon Island Miocene Fossils

FOSSIL bones were first discovered in 1978 in the rocks formed in the now vanished Haughton Lake.
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Article

Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus, commonly referred to as diabetes, is a disease in which the body either produces insufficient amounts of insulin or cannot use insulin properly. There are two main types of diabetes: type 1 and type 2. Treatment for the disease received a monumental breakthrough when a team of researchers at the University of Toronto (Sir Frederick Banting, Charles Best, John Macleod and James Collip) isolated insulin between 1921 and 1922. (See also The Discovery of Insulin.)
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Article

Diamond

Diamond is a crystallized form of carbon. While wide varieties of diamonds exist, they all have an isometric crystal structure. Diamond is very hard because the carbon atoms are very tightly packed and strongly held together. The vast majority of gem-quality diamonds used in jewellery are almost colourless or very slightly yellow. Fancy, intense yellow, green, orange, blue and pink diamonds are rare and very expensive (see Gemstone). Bort is composed of minutely crystalline grey to black diamonds that cannot be used as gems but can be used in drilling; when powdered, bort is used for cutting and polishing. Carbonado is a compact, opaque, dark grey to black mixture of microscopic diamond, graphite and amorphous carbon and is extremely hard. It is a natural polycrystalline form of diamond that is also used for industrial purposes. Diamond is the territorial gemstone of the Northwest Territories.
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Article

Diamonds of Canada

Diamonds of Canada, mined by Jacques Cartier's men at the mouth of Rivière du Cap-Rouge in 1541.
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Article

Dictionary of Canadian Biography/Dictionnaire biographique du Canada

Dictionary of Canadian Biography/Dictionnaire biographique du Canada is a multivolume, comprehensive reference work on the lives of people who have contributed to Canada's history in every field of endeavour.
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Article

Dieppe Raid

During the Second World War, on 19 August 1942, the Allies launched a major raid on the French coastal port of Dieppe. Operation Jubilee was the first Canadian Army engagement in the European theatre of the war, designed to test the Allies' ability to launch amphibious assaults against Adolf Hitler's "Fortress Europe." The raid was a disaster: more than 900 Canadian soldiers were killed, and thousands more were wounded and taken prisoner. Despite the bloodshed, the raid provided valuable lessons for subsequent Allied amphibious assaults on Africa, Italy and Normandy.
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Editorial

Dieppe: The Beaches of Hell

The following article is an editorial. Editorials are not usually updated.
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Article

Dietetics

Dietetics (from the Greek diaita, meaning "mode of life") has been implicated in the cause, cure and prevention of disease from earliest recorded history.
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Article

Diggity Archaeological Site

The Diggity archaeological site is located at the southeastern end of Spednic Lake, near the entrance to Palfrey Lake, in southwestern New Brunswick.
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Article

Canada and the Digital Economy

The digital economy is the economic activity conducted through digital technologies such as the Internet. It is also called the Internet economy, the new economy or the web economy. Many scholars see the digital economy as the fourth industrial revolution. As of 2013, it consumed approximately 10 per cent of the world’s electricity. Many of the world’s biggest companies operate in the digital economy. A growing number of Canadians depend on it for their livelihood. In 2017, nearly 5 per cent of all jobs in Canada were in the digital economy. The gross domestic product (GDP) connected to it represented 5.5 per cent of Canada’s total economy — a bigger percentage than mining or oil and gas extraction. However, the often-hidden infrastructure of the digital economy brings new threats to the environment. The rise of cryptocurrencies could also dramatically change how people buy and sell things.
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Article

Dike

In geography and civil engineering, a dike is a barrier or ditch limiting or preventing the flow of water. Such barriers are also called levees. While a dam stretches across a waterway, a dike usually runs along its side. Dikes can form as a result of natural forces, but most are constructed by humans. The purpose of building a dike is usually to prevent flooding. New land can also be reclaimed by using dikes to drain wetlands or to push back the boundaries of a body of water.
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Article

Dinosaurs and Canada

Dinosaurs were a group of animals that dominated the land environments of every continent. They lived from the late Triassic period to the end of the Cretaceous period (225 to 65 million years ago). However, birds are the direct descendants of dinosaurs, meaning dinosaurs are still common today. Paleontologists have found at least 88 different species of dinosaurs in Canada (see also Dinosaurs Found in Canada). The primary site of these fossils is Dinosaur Provincial Park, Alberta. Well-known dinosaurs first named from Canadian specimens include Albertosaurus, Centrosaurus, Corythosaurus, Dromaeosaurus,Gorgosaurus, Lambeosaurus, Pachyrhinosaurus, Parasaurolophu sand Styracosaurus.
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