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Article

Memorial Cup

Memorial Cup, trophy presented for the Canadian championships of major junior hockey teams in national competition. It was presented in March 1919 in memory of Canadian hockey players who had died in WWI. The trophy sparked interest in junior hockey across Canada.
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Article

Memorial University of Newfoundland

Memorial currently has 4 campuses, including the main campus in St John's. Grenfell College was opened in 1976 in Corner Brook on the island's west coast.
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Article

Mendelssohn Piano Company

The Mendelssohn Piano Company. A leading Toronto manufacturer of pianos in the early 1900s. It was formed by Henry Durke (b Liverpool 1863, d Toronto 1929) and David M. Best with assets of an unsuccessful company of the same name purchased in 1892 by Durke.
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Article

Meng Wanzhou Affair (Two Michaels Case)

The Meng Wanzhou Affair (a.k.a. the case of the two Michaels) was a legal and diplomatic dispute that strained relations between Canada, China and the United States. It began in December 2018 when the RCMP in Vancouver arrested Meng Wanzhou, the CFO of the Chinese technologies company Huawei. They did so on behalf of an American court that wanted Meng extradited to the United States. Nine days later, the Chinese government arrested and detained two Canadians: Michael Kovrig and Michael Spavor. The two Michaels were imprisoned for 1,020 days. They were freed on the same day as Meng — 24 September 2021. The episode marked the emergence of China’s “wolf warrior diplomacy” and demonstrated Canada’s limited diplomatic options as a middle power.
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Article

Music of the Mennonites

The term 'Mennonite' can be used to refer both to members of the various Mennonite churches and, on a more general level, to non-practising descendants of Mennonites.
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Article

Mens Rea

Mens Rea, "guilty mind" (Lat), refers to the mental state that must generally accompany a prohibited act before it can legally be considered a crime.
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Article

Mental Health

In the early years of the mental-health movement, mental health was often defined as the absence of symptoms of mental illness. Since that time, attempts have been made to relate mental health to a concept of psychological well-being and to certain capacities of individuals, eg, the capacity to perceive reality "objectively," to be flexible in meeting new situations and to understand another's point of view. However, no clear line divides the mentally healthy from the mentally unhealthy, and in addition, the definition of mental health is relative and is dependent on cultural context. The characteristics of a mentally healthy person in one milieu may seem very different from those of a mentally healthy person in another.
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Article

Mer de l'Ouest

Mer de l'Ouest ("Western Sea"), originally the goal of exploration during the French regime, was the stuff of wishful thinking obligingly corroborated by Indians. Initially thought to be an inland sea somewhere west of the Great Lakes, it gradually blended in imagination with the Pacific.
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Article

Mercantile Bank of Canada

Mercantile Bank of Canada had head offices in Montréal. The Mercantile Bank operated a general banking business through 13 branches and one representative office.
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Article

Mercantilism

Mercantilism is an economic theory and policy practised during Canada’s colonial periods. The theory of mercantilism holds that there is a fixed amount of wealth in the world. A nation’s wealth is thus dependent on exporting (selling to other countries) more than it imports (buying from others). European nations — including France and England (later Great Britain) — used this system to their advantage from the 16th century through the mid-19th century. The purpose was to extract as much wealth as possible from the colonies without investing much into them. The Atlantic slave trade is also inextricably linked to mercantilism. (See Black Enslavement in Canada.) This article is a full-length entry about mercantilism. For a plain-language summary, please see Mercantilism (Plain-Language Summary).
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Article

Mercantilism (Plain-Language Summary)

Mercantilism is two things. First, it is an economic theory. This theory is simple. It says that wealth is scarce. Wealth can come in the form of money and resources. Scarce means that there is not enough of something. Second, mercantilism is an economic policy. A policy is a set of rules or regulations to follow. Many nations practiced mercantilism. These nations were European imperialist powers. The two best known mercantilist nations were England (Great Britain) and France. They aimed to export more goods than they imported from their colonies. They hoped to make a lot of money and not spend much money. The Atlantic slave trade was mercantilist in nature. (See also Black Enslavement in Canada (Plain-Language Summary).) This article is a plain-language summary of mercantilism. If you are interested in reading about this topic more in depth, please see our full-length entry, Mercantilism.
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Macleans

Mercedes-Chrysler Merge

This article was originally published in Maclean’s magazine on May 18, 1998. Partner content is not updated. No, Levi-Strauss is not in talks to merge with Italy's Armani. Nor, as far as anyone knows, is McDonald's planning to team up with a chain of snooty French restaurants.
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Article

Merchant Navy of Canada

A merchant navy (or merchant marine) is the fleet of a country’s commercial vessels that carries people, raw materials and manufactured goods. It also refers to the personnel who crew these ships. The history of Canada’s merchant fleet is one of up and downs. From the heady days of the late 19th century to its virtual disappearance a few years later, through a rapid build-up as a key Allied component during the Second World War, to its final demise in mid-20th century, Canada’s Merchant Navy has not been treated well.
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Article

Mercury

Mercury (Hg) is a silvery white metal also known as quicksilver. Mercury is named for the Roman god of commerce, travel and thievery. It has been used for over 3000 years. Its chemical symbol, Hg, is derived from the Latin word hydrargyrum, which means "liquid silver.
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Macleans

Merrill Lynch Buys Midland Walwyn

This article was originally published in Maclean’s magazine on July 6, 1998. Partner content is not updated. How's this for a long-range forecast? In 1989-1990, when a mid-sized Canadian investment brokerage called Midland Doherty Financial Corp. was running on empty, management did the rounds of all the big banks and fund managers in an attempt to sell enough cheap equity to keep the firm going.
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