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  • Article

    Cumberland House

    The construction of Cumberland House in 1774 marked a change in HBC policy, which had hitherto expected Indigenous people to bring their furs to the bay posts to trade.

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  • Article

    Cunard Company

    The Cunard group became a public company in 1878, adopting the name Cunard Steamship Company Limited. It ultimately absorbed Canadian Northern Steamships Ltd and its competitor, the White Star Line.

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  • Article

    CUPW Postal Strikes

    The Canadian Union of Postal Workers (CUPW) is a labour union that represents over 55,000 members across Canada (2024). Members of the CUPW include Canada Post employees as well as couriers, vehicle mechanics, and other workers in the private sector. (See also Postal System.) Since 1965 the CUPW (previously Canadian Postal Employees Association) has represented members in numerous strikes, walkouts and lockouts over several complex labour issues. (See also Strikes and Lockouts.)

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  • Article

    Curling

    Curling is a sport in which two teams of four players each send stones over an ice surface toward a target circle in an attempt to place nearest the centre. In Canada, curling has steadily grown in popularity since the first club was formed in Montréal in 1807. The national championships (Brier, Scotties) and Olympic trials are among some of the most popular sporting events in the country, and many winners of these tournaments have also achieved victory on the international stage. Curling is one of the country’s most popular sports, and is the most televised women’s sport in Canada.

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  • Macleans

    Curling Achieves Cult Status at 2002 Winter Games

    Her name is Rhona Martin of Dunlop, Scotland. On ice, she barks orders like a gunnery sergeant, and slings stones like a giant killer. She lists her occupation as housewife, and her hobbies - when not crushing the gold medal hopes of Kelley Law's dream team - as swimming and working out.This article was originally published in Maclean's Magazine on March 4, 2002

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    https://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Curling Achieves Cult Status at 2002 Winter Games

  • Macleans

    Curling: Special Report

    This article was originally published in Maclean’s magazine on March 16, 1998. Partner content is not updated. Sean O'Hare is a little nervous as he stares through the windows of the Fort Simpson Curling Club at the action on the ice below. It is clear that he is trying to figure out just what exactly the people are doing with the rocks and brooms.

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    https://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Curling: Special Report

  • Article

    Curriculum Development

    Curriculum development in Canada has gone from teaching survival skills, both practical and cultural, to emphasizing self-fulfillment and standards-based achievements. This evolution mirrors that which has occurred in other developed countries, namely in Europe.

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  • Article

    CUSO International

    CUSO International (formerly Canadian University Services Overseas), is a nongovernment international development organization best known for placing skilled Canadians in 2-year postings to provide technical assistance in emerging nations.

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  • Article

    Customs and Excise

    Customs and excise, taxes on goods, are one of the world's oldest sources of government revenue. Customs duties are applied on imported products while excise duties and taxes are generally applied on goods of domestic manufacture, notably liquor and tobacco.

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  • Macleans

    Cut-rate Airlines Compete

    In the offices of WestJet Airlines Inc., frugality is prized.This article was originally published in Maclean's Magazine on March 11, 1996

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    https://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Cut-rate Airlines Compete

  • Article

    Cuttlefish

    Cuttlefish are decapod ("ten-footed") molluscs of the class Cephalopoda. Cuttlefish comprise over 100 species in the genera Sepia and Spirula. They are characterized by porous, calcareous, internal shells, best known as cuttlebones, which are given to caged birds as a source of lime salts. The pores are gas-filled to adjust the animal's buoyancy, and even dead shells float. Cuttlefish have oval bodies up to 60 cm long and look rather like flattened squid. Thousands of nervously controlled chromatophores (pigment-bearing cells) give them capabilities for camouflage and pattern formation, e.g., mating males display a revolving zebra-stripe pattern unequalled in nature.

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  • Article

    Competitive Cycling in Canada

    Bicycle racing comprises many events, from short-distance sprints on banked velodromes to road races covering distances of 30 to over 5,000 km, as well as mountain bike, BMX and para-cycling competitions. Canadians have made their mark in international cycling, including podium finishes at major competitions like the Olympics/Paralympics and world championships.

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  • Article

    Cypress

    Cypress is the common name for evergreen conifers of genus Cupressus of the cypress family (Cupressaceae). At least 12 species are recognized worldwide occurring in warm, northern temperate regions.

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    https://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Cypress

  • Article

    Cypress Hills Eocene to Miocene Fossils

    The CYPRESS HILLS and Swift Current Plateaux of southwestern Saskatchewan preserve Eocene, Oligocene, and Miocene FOSSILS 42 million to 16 million years old, in the Cypress Hills Formation. Faunas of at least 14 different ages are represented there.

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    https://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Cypress Hills Eocene to Miocene Fossils

  • Editorial

    Cypress Hills Massacre

    The following article is an editorial written by The Canadian Encyclopedia staff. Editorials are not usually updated.

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    https://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Cypress Hills Massacre