Browse "Nature & Geography"
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Article
CESAR
The main objective of the multidisciplinary expedition was to carry out a geological survey of the ridge. Researchers, therefore, brought a veritable geotechnical arsenal to bear on the polar ice to gather seismic, gravimetric, bathymetric and other data.
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Cetacea
Cetacea, order of mammals consisting of whales, dolphins and porpoises. It includes about 80 living species, with worldwide distribution.
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Article
Cherry
Cherry is the common name for certain members of genus Prunus of the rose family, which produce small, fleshy, single-stoned fruits. It is now generally accepted that the two species of cherries in world trade are P. avium (sweet cherry) and P. cerasus (sour cherry). Over 90 per cent of the production of sweet cherries is in southern British Columbia (Okanagan, Similkameen and Creston Valleys) and the remaining in southern Ontario (predominately in the Niagara Peninsula).
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Chestnut
Chestnut (Castanea), genus of trees of beech family (Fagaceae). Of 10 known species, one, American chestnut (C. dentata), is indigenous to Canada.
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Article
Chickpea
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is part of the legume family. The two primary centres of origin for chickpea are Southwest Asia and the Mediterranean, while Ethiopia is a secondary centre of origin.
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Chimaera
A chimera, ratfish, or ghost shark is a strange-looking marine fish belonging to the subclass Holocephali, class Chondrichthyes, and thus related to sharks and rays. There are about 25 species (mostly in the family Chimaeridae) that occur in deep or cool waters of most seas. In Canada, three species in three genera (Hydrolagus, Harriotta and Rhinochimaera) occur in Atlantic waters, and one species (Hydrolagus colliei) occurs in Pacific waters.
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Chinook
Chinooks are warm, dry, gusty, westerly winds that blow down from the Rocky Mountains into the mountains' eastern slopes and the western prairies. The Chinook belongs to a family of winds experienced in many parts of the world where long mountain chains lie more or less at right angles to the prevailing wind. Examples include the Foehn in Europe, the Zonda in Argentina and the Berg in South Africa. In Canada, the Chinook belt lies almost exclusively within southern and central Alberta.
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Chipmunks in Canada
Chipmunks are diminutive members of the squirrel family belonging to the genus Tamias. Five species occur in Canada, from the Maritimes to parts of BC, the southern Yukon, and the southern Northwest Territories: eastern chipmunk (T. striatus), least (T. minimus), yellow pine (T. amoenus), Townsend's (T. townsendii), and red-tailed chipmunk (T. ruficaudus).
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Chiroptera
Chiroptera is the order of mammals (Mammalia) that includes all bats, living (~1,200 species) and fossil. Among mammals, only the rodents (order Rodentia) have more species than bats. Bats occur almost everywhere in the world except for polar regions and some isolated oceanic islands. Bats are most diverse in the tropics and subtropics.
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Chromium
Chromium (Cr) a hard, brittle, silver-white metal (melting point 1875° C), is widely known for its use as decorative trim on home appliances and automobiles. However, its most important use is in the manufacture of stainless STEEL, which typically contains about 20% chromium.
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City Beautiful Movement
Some historians have noted that the City Beautiful Movement in Canada was hampered by the lack of an integrated philosophy and the absence of an articulate national spokesperson. However, the amateur side of the movement was lively and active on the local scene.
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Clam
Clam, common name for any bivalve (hinged shell) mollusc, referring especially to those of economic significance burrowing in beaches or the seafloor.
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Clay
Clay is the common name for a complex group of industrial MINERALS, each characterized by different mineralogy, occurrence and uses.
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Climate Change
Climate change occurs when long-term weather patterns begin to shift. These periods of change have occurred throughout the Earth’s history over extended periods of time. However, since the Industrial Revolution the world has been warming at an unprecedented rate. Because of this, the current period of climate change is often referred to as “global warming.” Human activities that release heat-trapping greenhouse gases, such as the burning of fossil fuels, are largely responsible for this increased rate of change. The implications of this global increase in temperature are potentially disastrous and include extreme weather events, rising sea levels and loss of habitat for plants, animals and humans. In Canada, efforts to mitigate climate change include phasing-out coal-fired power plants in Ontario and instituting a carbon tax in British Columbia. This article is a full-length entry about climate change. For a plain-language summary, please see Climate Change (Plain-Language Summary).
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Macleans
Climate Clues from Vancouver Island
To the uninitiated, it looks no more exciting than a long, thin log of grey plasticene. But to scientists like Jeffrey Fox, a Texas geologist who oversaw its extraction last week from the bottom of a deep bay 16 km north of Victoria, the 9.This article was originally published in Maclean's Magazine on September 2, 1996
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